Which of the following is an example of evolution?

The concept of evolution primarily refers to the change in heritable traits of biological populations over successive generations, often through mechanisms such as natural selection, mutation, migration, and genetic drift. Fossils provide crucial evidence of this process because they offer a historical record of life on Earth, showing how different species have changed over time. Through the study of fossils, scientists can identify similarities and differences between ancient and modern organisms, allowing them to trace the evolution of various species and understand the biological changes that have occurred throughout history.

While building structures, meteorological changes, and technological advancements represent significant changes and developments in human activity and the natural environment, they do not illustrate biological evolution. The former behaviors are influenced by human ingenuity and environmental factors but do not pertain to the biological processes and gradual transformation of species that characterize evolution. Fossils, on the other hand, are direct indicators of this gradual change and adaptation in the biological realm.