What does the Law of Superposition state?

The Law of Superposition is a fundamental principle in geology that applies to sedimentary rock layers. It states that in a sequence of undisturbed sedimentary rock layers, the bottom layer is the oldest and the layers above it are progressively younger. Thus, it affirms that each layer of rock is older than the layer directly above it and younger than the layer directly below it. This concept is crucial for understanding geological history and the relative ages of rock formations.

The correct choice emphasizes the relationship between the age of rock layers and their position in a sequence, providing a clear understanding of how the age of geological formations is determined. This principle is foundational for paleontology and sedimentology, as it helps scientists make inferences about the chronological sequence in which geological events occurred.